The processes with which allied defense forces project air power must adapt to the current geopolitical security environment and the needs of future conflicts. Training aircraft and equipment are aging, and the gap between modern capability and legacy trainers is growing, and the time to train is steadily decreasing while front-line readiness is becoming increasingly urgent. The advanced capabilities of modern 5th and 6th generation combat aircraft demand new skills and competencies from their pilots, who will require new and innovative approaches to training. The ways in which air forces currently conduct testing, evaluation, and training falls short of what modern learning sciences and available immersive technologies can provide. In this session, we will discuss how defense forces can attract, engage, and deliver the required number of pilots to deliver optimized operational outcomes at the right time and pace. We will discuss how global operational challenges, when combined with the changing dynamics of an increasingly complex threat environment, highlight the need to transform how defence organizations train and qualify tomorrow’s war fighters.